Description
Latin name – Theobroma cacao
Cacao is the true source of chocolate and is also a truly tropical tree, naturally adapted to the Amazon rainforest where it is endemic. The Cacao tree can be grown successfully in South Florida, as long it’s planted strategically and protective measures are taken. We wouldn’t recommend planting one north of the Palm Beach/Martin County line, unless you’re willing to take a risk! They are sensitive to temperatures below 50 degrees, and can experience dieback in the low 40s. Cacao trees are also sensitive to strong winds, and should be planted in a sheltered and wind-protected area.
The Cacao tree can adapt to full sun, but considering the above, it’s usually best to plant in a shady area. The tree can reach a large size in the tropics, but in Florida they’ll typically grow no larger than 12-15 feet under good conditions. The fruit is formed by a small, inconspicuous white flower, and hang directly from the trunk or branches til they mature. Cacao trees are stunning when happy, with bright crimson-pink new growth and large glossy leaves. Even when protected, they can look beat up in the wintertime, but if kept warm the fruit will continue to develop.
Cacao pods have a hard outer shell. When cracked open this reveals a cluster of white, fleshy fruit, inside of which is the cacao bean or seed. The bean is what’s processed and used to make chocolate– it’s bitter to taste, full of antioxidants and flavonoids. The white flesh around the seed has a completely different flavor, tropical and fruity, reminding us somewhat of a mix of sugar apple and banana. All that said, if you’re daring enough to grow the tropical Cacao tree in your yard, you’ll get the chance to make your own homegrown & homemade chocolate– absolutely amazing!
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Size: 12-15 ft tall x 8-12 feet wide
Sun Requirements: Partial to full shade
Cold Hardy: Damage occurs below 50º, requires protection in FL
Harvest Season: Year-round
Watering requirements: Requires irrigation for best production
Food Forest Layer: Understory
